Photo Credits

Photography: Matt Hass
Assistant Photography: Josh Caius
Compositor: Gareth Jones
Makeup: Zejniji Musa
Fixer: Ed Smith
Studio: YoYo Studios LDN

Endnotes

  1. R, Chauhan (2019). Shutters up: Playing Panorama Bar. link
  2. Turbo 2 Turbo Show
  3. Luxembourg 2443: Club Prayala. Monkeytown Records
  4. Lost Inside The Crystal Maze
  5. Through The Smog 24 - SUCHI ft. Guest Mix by R.O.S.H.
  6. On Hold, Radio Play / Mix for Friendly Potential
  7. R.O.S.H. Discogs Discography
  8. I’m going to be using the terms “South Asian” and “Indian” interchangeably throughout. With the choice largely dictated by flow. This doesn’t mean I’m referencing a homogenous group of people. Within those descriptors lies a complex wealth of different identities, cultures, religions, and languages.
  9. J, Hickel (2018) The Divide. (pp. 86-87). Random House.
  10. Front page of The New York Times, Saturday 26th December 1896. link
  11. The Select Works of Robert Crowley, Namely, His Epigrams, A.D. 1550. link
  12. F, Meer (1985). Indentured labour and group formations in apartheid society. Race & Class, 26(4), 45–60. link
  13. D, Anderson (2005). Histories of the hanged: The d0irty war in Kenya and the end of empire. p23*
  14. D, Woulfin (2011). Salves, trains and missionaries: British moral imperialism and the development of precolonial east Africa, 1873-1901. P244-. Stony Brook University, New York, US. link
  15. “Preservation of Game,” The African Standard as quoted ibid.
    “The British taxpayer, the employer, pays, Rs. 750 for a sportsman‟s license, the public officer, otherwise the employee, has the same lecense given him for Rs. 150, and further, can get a 14 days license for a nominal sum, giving him all the advantages accruing to the Rs.750 license.”
  16. ibid
    “The Govt. taxes us but takes no trouble to protect us; in fact we are not wanted here, that is plain. The charge of dacoity against white men is a hobby with some of the officials here, and as their two previous attempts to obtain convictions have resulted in ludicrous failures the chances are again in favor of the accused… I was one [a uitlander of the Transvaal] for ten years and I wish I was back there – far easier than being an East African uitlander, competing against n- and half breeds.”
  17. “Correspondence,” The African Standard as quoted ibid.
    “Another letter to the editor bluntly pointed to ‘the employment of Indian instead of European engine drivers’ as a microcosm of what he thought was the protectorates main problem.”
  18. ibid
    “Wood proclaimed that ‘the Indian has no grievance; he has drawn good wages on the Uganda Railway which have been promptly remitted to India every month. Indian merchants do the big bulk of the trade of this country.’ For him, the Indian’s historical role in East Africa as the financial and merchant class more than compensated for the limited economic rights that they were now facing with white settlement. Wood ended by stating ‘if the British taxpayer, the man who has paid the piper, cannot call the tune to the extent of reserving a section of the country for people of his blood and race’ and that the ‘Indian must be reasonable.’”
  19. “The Land Laws, and Other Things,” The African Standard as quoted ibid.
    “For the free grant of at least part of the area (640 acres) granted to settlers to compensate them, so to speak for the heavy expenses pioneer settlers are put to in testing the land, finding markets for produce and so forth.”
  20. “Settlers’ Grievances. Indian Laws and Indian Coinage,” The African Standard as quoted ibid.
    “Motions passed during the meeting where the address was approved included ‘That no white man in future should be arrested by a black man’ and ‘That the Association should write to H.M. Commissioner, detailing the circumstances of cases in which white men have been handled by black policemen, requesting him to represent to the Home Government the urgent necessity of providing a white police force.’”
  21. K, Krishna. D, Mwansa (2020). Indian communities experiences and challenges in Zambia: Before and after independence. Lusaka, Zambia: IJLRHSS. link
  22. L.H. Gann, A History of Northern Rhodesia: Early to 1953, London: Chatto and Wndus, p.147 as quoted in ibid.
  23. Indian Views (9 September 1932) as quoted by F. Meer (1985). p55
  24. M, Kaladeen (2021), Indian indenture in the British Empire. link
  25. Makhan Singh, Kenyan - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia. link
  26. Udham Singh - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia. link
  27. Caroline Elkins (2005), Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain's Gulag in Kenya
  28. Pathé (1968). Immigration Aka New Immigration Bill - Asians Leave Kenya. link
  29. D. Troy (2020). ‘Belongers’ and ‘non-belongers’: dividing citizens in 1968. link
  30. This is roughly the start of the British East India Companies activity in India. Control of it was handed over to the British Crown in roughly 1858 beginning a period of rule called the ”British Raj”.
  31. M, Kalaria. N, Junejo (2021). Truth and reconciliation: Let’s talk about our colonial past. link
  32. O, Khan (2019). The colour of money: How racial inequalities obstruct a fair and resilient economy. Runnymede. link
  33. N, Shah (2020). How did British Indians become so prominent in the Conservative party? The Guardian. link
  34. R, Chauhan (2020). A letter to Resident Advisor and the rest of the UK music press. link
  35. M. Barnes (2020). Reactions to Rosh's open letter. Music Is The Answer. link

Special Thanks

My parents and their parents and of course, their parents. Jacob Tucker for putting up with my early hour musings on zoom and filling in editing roles last minute. Yung Singh for showing everyone that the culture is cool and for his insight and feedback. Suzana for keeping my sanity in an insane industry and so much more. Ryan Keeling for his encouragement and interest in everything I pursue. Marcus Barnes who couldn't edit the piece but is a constant example of solid, meaningful work in music journalism. My brother who would hate getting mentioned in this. Deirdre Troy for the crucial pointer in the right direction and for her inspiring work. Connected Sociologies whos work is so vital to this piece even exsisting. To all the writers I referenced and didn't reference, I'd know nothing without you. Although I'd argue I still know nothing now.